The fifth grade language arts program includes the areas of grammar, vocabulary, spelling, reading, writing, and public speaking. All of these subjects come together as students develop the ability to analyze literature critically in expository essays, reading response letters, and oral presentations. Students in the fifth grade read several books with the whole class, reflecting cross-curricular themes of challenge, interpersonal relationships, conflict, and independence. In addition, frequent reader response letters as part of the independent reading thirty book challenge lead students on a literary journey with the purpose of reading from a variety of genres. These categories include poetry, classic literature, realistic fiction, historical fiction, fantasy, science fiction, mystery, informational, and (auto)biography. Students develop writing, research, and presentation skills through a variety of assignments, both individually and in groups. Critical analysis and interpretations of literature, history, and current events are cultivated through essays, research reports, and digital presentations. Over the course of the year, students write in a variety of discourses: descriptive, narrative, imaginative, responsive, informational/analytical (including research), and persuasive. Additionally, students recite poetry for an audience, demonstrating their mastery of pace, enunciation, tone, volume, inflection, body language, and eye contact. Students are systematically introduced to the six traits of writing: ideas, organization, voice, word choice, sentence fluency, and conventions. Besides frequent blogging and informal writing, students also take major pieces of writing the entire writing process of planning, drafting, revising, editing, and publishing in order to master the specific and developmentally appropriate skills necessary to effectively communicate through the written word.